Abstract

Biofilms of bacteria are generally formed due to the activity of bacterial virulence factors, which are one of the most important virulence factors for pathogenic bacteria by helping bacteria to communicate between certain types of bacteria, not only between different genera, but even between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. Thus, they work to regulate bacterial populations naturally in a specific environmental location. The mechanism used in our current research to combat Enterococcus faecalis using zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared physically and which was confirmed through (XRD, SEM, Scherer Equation, and FTIR tests), where it gave an effective result at concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200 mg/ml). Biofilm formation of Enterococcus faecalis isolates showed 12% non, 20% weakly, 36% moderate, and 32% strongly biofilm production. Almost number of antibiotics failed to combat multidrug-resistant biofilm-forming bacterial infections, nano products were used to kill bacteria and prevent their growth. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were used to kill Enterococcus faecalis and prevent its growth, zinc oxide nanoparticles are not cytotoxic and do not have any harmful effects on human health if used to combat bacteria in any way according to previously conducted laboratory experiments.