Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as one of the most prevalent malignant tumors
It is anticipated that by 2035, the overall number of fatalities from rectal and colon cancer will grow by 60% and 71.5%, respectively Silibinin, a polyphenol flavonoids, is the primary active component of siylmarin. It extract from dried Sylibum marianum (milk thistle) seeds. It has pleotropic role as anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and anticancer effect.
The study aimed to estimate the impact of silibinin on modulation the resistance in  CRC cell line to  5- fluorouracil (5-FU) via alteration apoptotic markers and mTOR pathway genes.  
The SW480 cell line was treated with different doses of silibinin monotherapy and in combination with 5-Flurouracil IC-50.- "MTT assay" used for  cytotoxic assessment. qPCR used for . Level of expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR genes . ELISA technique For apoptotic markers. -- microplate florescence reader  used rhodamine123 dye  measured the intracellular accumulation of rhodamine  123 . Results showed - high significant reduction in the growth of sw480 cancer cells for all  concertation of silibinin as monotherapy and combination with 5-FU .- The combination of silibinin with 5-fu reveled highly significant p<0.0005  increased the retention of 123rheodamin within the sw480 cells when compare with untreated control group . Both  concentrations of silibinin(15,500μm) when combined with 5-fu (300μm) achieved significant reduction of folding change for the PI3KCA,AKT and mTOR genes when compared with control untreated group.
Conclusion Silibinin  may interfere and reduce the  growth of colorectal cancer cells sw480  via  modifying the genes  that are over-regulated in cancer cells