Abstract

The current research focuses on studying the hypersphere as a geometric structure for the dome in Arab architecture / an analytical and aesthetic approach. It consists of four chapters. The first chapter includes the research problem, which is summarized in the following question: What is the hypersphere and what are its effects as a geometric structure on the dome in Arab architecture / an analytical and aesthetic approach? This chapter also highlights the importance of the research. The research objective is to reveal the hypersphere as a geometric structure for the dome in Arab architecture through an analysis of the research sample. The first chapter then covers the boundaries of the research and defines the terminology represented by a comprehensive definition of the hypersphere and the dome. The research includes the second chapter (the theoretical framework), which consists of three sections: The first section addresses: The dome in Arab architecture: a historical overview. The second section covers: The aesthetics of the dome in architecture. The third section covers the hypersphere / geometric approaches. While the third chapter covers the research procedures, including an analysis of the research sample, the fourth chapter presents the results of the analysis of the research sample, including: 1. The Arab and Muslim architect and designer long preceded modern mathematics in his application of the concept of the super sphere in his decorative and architectural designs. This is evident in the dome, an important architectural element present in Arab and Islamic architectural and cultural achievements. Moreover, the infinite expanse characteristic of the dome, particularly the spherical one, made the linear composition of the dome a corrective, idealistic nature, transcending the (functional) dimension to encompass intellectual and aesthetic dimensions, with a visionary nature governed by a perpetual dynamic. 2. The dome's status and importance as an architectural element that towers above the roofs of mosques has made it a focus of attention and reflection for Arab and Muslim designers and architects. This prompted them to incorporate a form of superior geometric mathematics into it, giving it an architectural identity that affirmed its presence as a creative and aesthetic arena possessing uniqueness and specificity, placing it at the forefront of creative achievements in Arab and Islamic art and architecture. This chapter also includes recommendations, proposals, and the sources upon which the research is based.