Abstract

This research aims to study the impact of electronic banking operations practices on enhancing the dimensions of customer satisfaction in Iraqi banks, with a focus on banking institutions operating in Karbala Governorate. These practices include automated banks, cellular banks, and virtual banks. The main goal is to understand how these practices are used as critical factors to enhance customer satisfaction in aspects such as satisfaction with procedures, satisfaction with employees, and satisfaction with the services provided. The researcher relied on the descriptive and analytical approaches to analyze Research model and hypotheses, and determining logical relationships between variables.
The study included a number of government banks in Karbala Governorate, and data was collected through questionnaire forms and personal interviews for (48 individuals) bank managers, departments and units    .
The correlation coefficient (R), test (Z) for the significance of the relationship, multiple regression analysis, and test (F) were used to determine the significance of the regression equation, in addition to the coefficient of determination (R²) to interpret the amount of influence of the independent variables on the dependent variable  .
The most important conclusions that emerged from the research are  Electronic banking operations practices have an effective and fundamental role in enhancing customer satisfaction in banks operating in Karbala Governorate.
 There is a strong and statistically significant effect of the practices of automated banks, mobile banks, and virtual banks on the dimensions of customer satisfaction.                  
The research recommended:
- Expanding the spread of automated banks: The number of automated teller machines (ATM) and bank cards should be increased to enhance the relationship with customers.
- Strengthening the technical infrastructure: Banks must work to provide the appropriate technical infrastructure, including computer hardware, software, and communications and Internet services.
- Continuing future studies: Studies must continue to be conducted on electronic banking operations and their applications to better enhance customer satisfaction in the future